Thyrotoxicosis

Thyrotoxicosis is a clinical syndrome resulting from excess thyroid hormone exposure to tissues, regardless of the source of that hormone. It is distinct from — though frequently used interchangeably with — hyperthyroidism.

Distinction from Hyperthyroidism

TermDefinition
hyperthyroidismExcess thyroid hormone production by the thyroid gland
ThyrotoxicosisExcess thyroid hormone exposure to tissues (broader)

Hyperthyroidism causes thyrotoxicosis, but thyrotoxicosis can also result from:

  • Ingestion of exogenous thyroid hormone (factitious thyrotoxicosis)
  • Release of pre-formed hormone from an inflamed or damaged thyroid (thyroiditis)
  • Metastatic thyroid cancer producing hormone

Clinical Presentation

The symptoms of thyrotoxicosis are the same as hyperthyroidism: weight loss, palpitations, heat intolerance, tremor, anxiety, diarrhoea, and muscle weakness.

Sources