OpenAI

OpenAI is a US AI lab and the maker of the GPT and o1 model families. It is the largest commercial AI company by revenue and user base as of early 2026, with products including ChatGPT, the GPT API, and the o1/o3 reasoning model series.

Models (2026)

ModelNotes
GPT-5Flagship; uses routing architecture — most queries sent to cheaper sub-models, reducing serving cost
GPT-5.2 ThinkingUpdated version; long-context leader before and after Gemini competition; nathan-lambert’s information retrieval tool
o1 / o3Reasoning models with inference-time scaling (thinking tokens); commercialised RLVR
gpt-oss-120bOpenAI’s first open-weight model since GPT-2; signals a shift toward open developer engagement

Culture

nathan-lambert and sebastian-raschka describe OpenAI as chaotic but research-innovative — the lab that most consistently produces research surprises despite internal turbulence. The GPT-5 routing architecture (serving most queries through cheaper sub-models to reduce cost while maintaining quality on demanding tasks) is cited as an example of innovative production engineering.

Motivation for Open Release

Opening gpt-oss-120b allows OpenAI to offload inference compute costs to the developer community for lower-stakes tasks, while retaining the frontier proprietary API for premium use cases.


Source: fridman-lambert-raschka-2026-state-of-ai